There is an error indicating a corrupt database for you. If possible, backup via Geooh if you want to save settings, offline lists, cartridges, etc. then go into Android settings -> app -> Geooh -> storage -> then clear storage/cache. You may need to uninstall/reinstall if that doesn't work to see if the corrupted files can be cleared out.
The screenshots look normal other than some files are empty. Have you tried using a difference directory folder in case something is corrupted in the current one? Provide your geocaching username and I search for bug reports.
That's Groundspeak's login web page that is having some problem. Just wait some time until they fix their server or your connection to them functions better. Try restarting phone to see if it connects better to the server.
Is it only when logging trackables during logging a geocache? More details and finding a pattern helps. Two separate transactions occur... log the geocache, then log the TB. Somewhere in the process maybe a network connection was lost or timed out leaving residual confusion. Sending me diagnostics in a situation like that may reveal something or sending me your user name so I can see if any bug reports occurred with your ID.
There is never a "completely offline" unless you go into airplane mode or disable the API. Descriptions have images in them and same with logs... those aren't automatically downloaded until viewed. If you have enabled viewing log upvotes, Groundspeak doesn't send them via a "full" retrieval, but only when you start viewing logs. When you start the app, Geooh will refresh your user information. Getting counts of the number of photos for a cache or trackable. Showing stats like elevation or county on a map... those don't come from Groundspeak.
Geooh is the most full featured geocaching app out there. Those features require data that isn't always automatically provided in an offline list.
The app is displaying a waiting indicator that shows until the Groundspeak website finishes displaying all the webpage login components. It's a server or network issue. Eventually, the webpage completes so you can enter credentials.
I am reluctant to do that. By default, the log date is the current day. Unless someone is fully aware of the "lock feature", they could easily use a previous log date without realizing it thinking they are logging for today. The frequency of needing to log a date other than today is low compared to the probability of incorrectly using a previous date. And adding another setting is not ideal given the current number of settings.
I'm not sure what the issue is other than during the save something got corrupted or the cartridge has something unsaveable. Geooh uses an open source software (that other Android wherigo players also use) which performs the saves. If the other cartridges save/restore properly, then I suspect more of a special case problem than generally for all wherigos.